Tuesday, December 7, 2021
Monday, December 6, 2021
Birthday wish
đđ Happy birthday đđ pic.twitter.com/4wty8cGxfv
— Md Nachim Islam (@md_nachim) December 7, 2021
Sunday, December 5, 2021
Pronoun reference āĻāϰ āϏāĻšāĻ āύিā§āĻŽ
Pronoun reference: Pro āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻেāϰ āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে āĻāϰ Noun āĻŽাāύে āĻšāϞ āĻŦা āύাāĻŽ । āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨাā§, āϝে word āĻোāύ Noun āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§ āϤাāĻে Pronoun āĻŦāϞে ।
āϝেāĻŽāύঃ Sumon is a good student.
He goes to school everyday.
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ Sentence āĻĻুāĻিāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽāĻিāϤে subject āĻšিāϏাāĻŦে Sumon āĻŦāϏেāĻে, āϝেāĻা Noun. āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীā§ Sentence āĻ Sumon āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে He āĻŦāϏেāĻে । āĻāĻাāύে He āĻšāϞ Pronoun.
✔Pronoun āĻে āĻāĻ (ā§Ļā§Ž) āĻাāĻে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰা āϝাā§।
⇨1.Personal Pronoun
⇨2.Interrogative Pronoun
⇨3.Indefinite Pronoun
⇨4.Distributive Pronoun
⇨5.Demonstrative Pronoun
⇨6.Relative Pronoun
⇨7.Reciprocal Pronoun
⇨8.Reflexive Pronoun
✔1. Personal Pronoun:
āĻোāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤি āĻŦা āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে āϝে Pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰা āĻšā§, āϤাāĻে Personal Pronoun āĻŦāϞে ।
āϝেāĻŽāύ- Mim is a bright student.
Alif goes to college regularly.
Tarek is a university student.
Enaf likes to read poems.
The dog is barking.
It is very ferocious.
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ sentence āĻুāϞিāϤে He, She, It āĻāϰা āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻে āĻšāϞ Personal pronoun.āϝাāϰা āϝāĻĨাāĻ্āϰāĻŽে Rana, Soma, āĻāĻŦং The dog āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰিāϤ āĻšāĻ্āĻে।
Personal pronoun āĻুāϞোāϰ āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ form āϝāĻĨা subjective form, objective form, possessive form āύিāĻে āĻĻেā§া āĻšāϞ ।
subject=object=poss
I-me-my
He-him-his
She-her-hers
You-you-your
We-us-our
They-them-their
Rules-1➤ āĻোāύ āĻā§ āĻĒāĻĻাāϰ্āĻĨ āĻŦা āϧাāϰāύাāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে it āĻŦāϏে ।
Example: Here is your pen; take it.
Rules-2➤āĻĒুāϰুāώ āĻŦা āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻিāĻš্āύিāϤ āĻāϰা āϝাā§ āύা āĻ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāĻŖীāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে it āĻŦāϏে ।
Example: This is a dog. it is faithful animal.
Rules-3➤āĻোāĻ āĻļিāĻļুāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে it āĻŦāϏে ।
Example: I have a child. It is fine.
Rules-4➤āĻĒূāĻŦে āĻāϞ্āϞিāĻিāϤ āĻোāύ āĻŦিāĻŦৃāϤিāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে it āĻŦāϏে ।
Example: Kabir Hossain told a story and he knew it goodly.
Rules-5➤āĻোāύ Noun āĻŦা Pronoun āĻে āĻোāϰ āĻĻিā§ে āĻāϞ্āϞেāĻ āĻāϰāϤে āĻŦা āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ it āĻŦāϏে ।
Example:It is Shawan who is brother.
Rules-6➤ Impersonal verb āĻāϰ subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে it āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§ ।
Example:It is raining.
Ruse-7➤ āϏāĻŽā§ āĻŦা āĻāĻŦāĻšাāĻā§া āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāϤে it āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§ ।
Example: It is 5 o'clock
It is winter season.
Rules-8➤Verb 'to be' āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে real subject āĻĨাāĻāϞে āĻāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে Provisional subject āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে it āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§ ।
Example: It is easy to go there.
✔2. Interrogative Pronoun
āϝে Pronoun āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻোāύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻāϰা āĻŦোāĻাā§ āϤাāĻে Interrogative Pronoun āĻŦāϞে ।
āϝেāĻŽāύ-
What is your name?
Who is he?
Which do you want?
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ ā§Š āĻি sentence āĻ what, who which āĻšāϞ Interrogative Pronoun .
Sentence āĻāϰ āĻļুāϰুāϤে Who, Which, What āĻĨাāĻāϞে āĻāĻŦং āϤাāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻোāύ noun āύা āĻĨাāĻāϞে āϏেāĻা Interrogative Pronoun āĻšāĻŦে, āĻিāύ্āϤু Who, Which, What āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ āϝāĻĻি āĻোāύ Noun āĻĨাāĻে āϤাāĻšāϞে āϏেāĻা Interrogative adjective āĻšāĻŦে ।
āϝেāĻŽāύ-
What class do you read in ?
Which book does he want?
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ ⧍ āĻি sentence āĻ what, which āĻšāϞ Interrogative adjective. āĻাāϰāύ what āĻāĻŦং which āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ ⧍ āĻি noun āϝāĻĨাāĻ্āϰāĻŽে class āĻāĻŦং book āĻāĻে । āϝেāĻšেāϤু noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻে āĻŦāϏāϞে āϏেāĻা adjective āϧāϰা āĻšā§, āϤাāĻ āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ sentence āĻĻুāĻিāϤে what āĻāĻŦং which āĻšāϞ Interrogative adjective.
Rules-9➤ Person āĻŦা āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤি āĻŦোāĻাāϤে Who=āĻে āĻŦা āĻাāϰা.Whom= āĻাāĻে Whose= āĻাāϰ āĻŦা āĻাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§।
Example:Who are you?Whose is this pen?
✔3. Demonstrative Pronoun.
‘Demonstrative’ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻেāϰ āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞ āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļāĻ । āϝে Pronoun āĻোāύ noun āĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰে āϤাāĻে Demonstrative Pronoun āĻŦāϞে । This, These, That, Those, Such āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun
This is our college.
(This āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun ,āĻাāϰāύ āϏেāĻা college āĻāĻ noun āĻাāĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāĻে । )
These are my books.
(These āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun , āĻাāϰāύ āϏেāĻা books āĻāĻ noun āĻুāϞোāĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāĻে । )
That is your laptop.
(That āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun ,āĻাāϰāύ āϏেāĻা laptop āĻāĻ noun āĻাāĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāĻে )
Those are your cloths.
(Those āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun , āĻাāϰāύ āϏেāĻা cloths āĻāĻ noun āĻুāϞোāĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāĻে )
He made a mistake. Such was not his intention.
(Such āĻšāϞ Demonstrative Pronoun , āĻাāϰāύ āϏেāĻা mistake āĻāĻ noun āĻাāĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāĻে )
āϤāĻŦে………
This, These, That, Those, Such āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ āϝāĻĻি āĻোāύ Noun āĻĨাāĻে āϤাāĻšāϞে āϏেāĻা Demonstrative Pronoun āύা āĻšā§ে Demonstrative adjective āĻšāĻŦে।
āϝেāĻŽāύ—
This book is mine.
( āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ Sentence āĻ This āĻšāϞ Demonstrative adjective, āĻাāϰāύ This āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ book āĻāĻāĻা Noun. āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻাāύি āϝে noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻে āĻ
āύ্āϝ āĻোāύ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻĨাāĻāϞে āϏেāĻা adjective āĻšā§ )
These books are costly.
( āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ Sentence āĻ These āĻšāϞ Demonstrative adjective, āĻাāϰāύ These āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ books āĻšāϞ Noun. āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻাāύি āϝে noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻে āĻ
āύ্āϝ āĻোāύ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻĨাāĻāϞে āϏেāĻা adjective āĻšā§ )
That Car was white.
( āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ Sentence āĻ That āĻšāϞ Demonstrative adjective, āĻাāϰāύ That āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ Car āĻāĻāĻা Noun. āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻাāύি āϝে noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻে āĻ
āύ্āϝ āĻোāύ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻĨাāĻāϞে āϏেāĻা adjective āĻšā§ )
Those pens were not good.
( āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ Sentence āĻ Those āĻšāϞ Demonstrative adjective, āĻাāϰāύ Those āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ pens āĻāĻāĻা Noun. āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻাāύি āϝে noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻে āĻ
āύ্āϝ āĻোāύ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻĨাāĻāϞে āϏেāĻা adjective āĻšā§ )
Such Behavior is not praiseworthy to any one.
( āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ Sentence āĻ Such āĻšāϞ Demonstrative adjective, āĻাāϰāύ SuchāĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ behavior āĻŦা āĻāĻāϰāĻŖ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻা āĻāĻāĻা Noun. āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻাāύি āϝে noun āĻāϰ āĻāĻে āĻ
āύ্āϝ āĻোāύ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻĨাāĻāϞে āϏেāĻা adjective āĻšā§ )
āĻāĻŦাāϰ …..
āĻāĻāĻ Noun āĻāϰ āĻĒুāύāϰাāĻŦৃāϤ্āϤি āĻā§াāύোāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ singular noun āĻāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে that āĻāĻŦং plural noun āĻāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে those āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰিāϤ āĻšā§ ।
āϝেāĻŽāύ-
The roads of Dhaka are better than Rajshahi
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ sentence āĻিāϰ āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞ “ āĻĸাāĻাāϰ āϰাāϏ্āϤাāĻাāĻ āϰাāĻāĻļাāĻšীāϰ āĻেā§ে āĻাāϞ ।
āϏāϤ্āϝি āĻি āϤাāĻ, āύাāĻি āĻŦāϞা āĻāĻিāϤ āĻিāϞ āϝে “āĻĸাāĻাāϰ āϰাāϏ্āϤাāĻাāĻ āϰাāĻāĻļাāĻšীāϰ āϰাāϏ্āϤাāĻাāĻেāϰ āĻেā§ে āĻাāϞ”
āϤাāĻšāϞে Sentence āĻি āĻāĻাāĻŦে āϞিāĻāϤে āĻšāϤ,
āϝāĻĨা- “The roads of Dhaka are better than the roads of Rajshahi”.
āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻŦাāϰ āĻŦাāϰ āĻāĻāĻ Noun āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨাā§ roads āĻāĻ noun āĻাāϰ āĻĒুāύāϰাāĻŦৃāϤ্āϤি āĻā§াāύোāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ ( roads) āĻāĻ plural noun āĻাāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে those āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻিāĻে āύিāĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤ āĻāϰে āϞিāĻāϤে āĻšāĻŦে।
“ The roads of Dhaka are better than those of Rajshahi”.
āĻāϰāĻ āϞāĻ্āώ্āϝ āĻāϰি…….
Incorrect: The weather of Khulna is better than Dhaka.
The weather of Khulna is better than those of Dhaka.
Correct: The weather of Khulna is better than that of Dhaka.
(āϝেāĻšেāϤু weather āĻšāϞ singular, āϤাāĻ those āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āύা āĻāϰে that āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰāϤে āĻšāĻŦে)
Incorrect: The buildings of Dhaka are bigger than Rajshahi.
The buildings of Dhaka are bigger than that of Rajshahi.
Correct: The buildings of Dhaka are bigger than those of Rajshahi.
(āϝেāĻšেāϤু buildings āĻšāϞ plural, āϤাāĻ that āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āύা āĻāϰে those āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰāϤে āĻšāĻŦে)
Incorrect: The people of Japan are more industrious than Bangladesh.
The people of Japan are more industrious than that of Bangladesh.
Correct: The people of Japan are more industrious than those of Bangladesh.
(āϝেāĻšেāϤু people āĻšāϞ plural, āϤাāĻ that āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āύা āĻāϰে those āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰāϤে āĻšāĻŦে)
Rules-10➤āĻোāύ āĻŦিāώā§āĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ āĻŦা āĻāĻļাāϰা āĻāϰে āĻŦোāĻাāϤে Demonstrative pronoun(this, that,these,those āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§ ।
Example:This is a book. That is my pen.
✔4.Reflexive Pronoun.
Reflexive pronoun āĻšāϞ objective form āĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰিāϤ āĻোāύ Pronoun।
āϝাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে Subject āĻāϰ āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĢāϞিāϤ āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে Subject āĻোāύ āĻাāĻ āĻāϰāϞে āϏেāĻা Subject āĻāϰ āĻĻিāĻেāĻ āĻĢিāϰে āϝাā§ ।
himself, herself, myself, yourself, themselves āĻĒ্āϰāĻৃāϤি āĻšāϞ Reflexive pronoun.
āύিāĻেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻি āϞāĻ্āώ্āϝ āĻāϰি:
He killed himself.
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে ‘himself’ āĻāĻāĻা Pronoun, āϝাāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে Subject ( He) āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĢāϞāύ āĻāĻে, āĻāĻŦং Subject (He) āϝে āĻাāĻ ( kill) āĻāϰে āϏেāĻা āϤাāϰ āύিāĻেāϰ āĻĻিāĻে āĻĢিāϰে āϝাā§, āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨাā§ āϏে (He) āύিāĻেāĻ āύিāĻেāĻে āĻুāύ (Kill) āĻāϰে । āϤাāĻšāϞে ‘himself’ āĻšāϞ Reflexive Pronoun.
āĻāĻŽāύিāĻাāĻŦে……
She hurt herself. (āϏে āύিāĻেāĻ āύিāĻেāĻে āĻāĻাāϤ āĻāϰāϞো)
They killed themselves. ( āϤাāϰা āύিāĻেāϰা āύিāĻেāĻĻেāϰ āĻšāϤ্āϝা āĻāϰেāĻিāϞ)
I fan myself. ( āĻāĻŽি āύিāĻে āύিāĻেāĻে āĻŦাāϤাāϏ āĻāϰāϞাāĻŽ)
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে āϝāĻĨাāĻ্āϰāĻŽে herself, themselves, myself āĻšāĻ্āĻে Reflexive Pronou
Rules-11> āĻāϰ্āϤা āĻ āĻāϰ্āĻŽ āĻāĻ āĻšāϞে Reflexive Pronoun āĻšā§ ।
Example: I enjoyed the play myself.
Rules-12➤āĻāϰ্āϤা āĻাāϰো āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻাā§া āύিāĻেāĻ āĻাāĻ āĻāϰāĻে , āĻāĻšা āĻোāϰ āĻĻেā§াāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ Emphatic Pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§ ।
āĻāĻুāϞো Subject āĻŦা Object- āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŦāϏে ।
Example:I myself saw him.
Rules-13➤ āĻāϰ্āϤা āĻāĻাāĻ āĻাāĻ āĻāϰāĻে, āĻāϰূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāϤে Reflexive Pronoun-āĻāϰ āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŦে by āĻŦāϏে ।
Example:Tanjila did the work by herself.
Rules-14➤āĻিāĻু Verb āϝেāĻŽāύ- avail,absent,exert,pride āĻāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি Reflexive Pronoun-āĻে object āϰূāĻĒে āĻ্āϰāĻšāύ āĻāϰে ।
Example:They should avail thenselves of the golden offer.
✔5.Indefinite Pronoun
Indefinite āĻŽাāύে āĻšāϞ āĻ
āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ । āϝে āϏāĻŦ Pronoun āĻ
āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ āĻোāύ noun āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰিāϤ āĻšā§ āϤাāĻে Indefinite pronoun āĻŦāϞে ।
āϝেāĻŽāύ- Some, None, Any, Many, One etc.
Some are playing football.
(Some āĻŽাāύে āĻā§েāĻāĻāύ, āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻāϤāĻāύ āϤা āĻŦোāĻা āϝাāĻ্āĻে āύা । āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨাā§ āĻ
āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ । āϤাāĻ Some āĻšāϞ Indefinite Pronoun)
Many can do this.
(Many āĻŽাāύে āĻ
āύেāĻāĻāύ, āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻāϤāĻāύ āϤা āĻŦোāĻা āϝাāĻ্āĻে āύা । āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨাā§ āĻ
āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ । āϤাāĻ Many āĻšāϞ Indefinite Pronoun)
Any of them will be selected.
(Any āĻŽাāύে āϝে āĻেāĻ, āĻিāύ্āϤু āϏেāĻা āĻে, āϤা āĻŦোāĻা āϝাāĻ্āĻে āύা । āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨাā§ āĻ
āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ । āϤাāĻ Any āĻšāϞ Indefinite Pronoun)
One should do one’s duty. (āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻেāϰ āĻāĻিāϤ āϤাāϰ āύিāĻেāϰ āĻĻাā§িāϤ্āĻŦ āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻāϰা । One āĻŽাāύে āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻে āĻিāύ্āϤু āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ āĻাāĻŦে āĻেāĻ āύ⧠। āϤাāĻšāϞে One āĻšāϞ Indefinite pronoun)
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ Sentence āĻুāϞিāϤে Some, Many, Any, One āĻšāϞ Indefinite Pronoun. āĻাāϰāύ āĻāĻুāϞো āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ āĻাāĻāĻে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ্āĻে āύা, āĻŦāϰং āĻ
āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ āĻাāĻŦে āĻোāύ Pronoun āĻে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ্āĻে
āϞāĻ্āώ্āϝ āĻāϰি—
One āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻোāύ Sentence āĻ possessive case one’s āĻšā§ ।
āϝেāĻŽāύ-
One should not waste one’s time.
One Should respect one’s parents.
āĻিāύ্āϤু —–
One of + plural noun—āĻāϰāĻāĻŽ āĻĨাāĻāϞে possessive case āĻ one’s āύা āĻšā§ে his/her āĻšā§ ।
āϝেāĻŽāύ-
Incorrect: One of my friends has done one’s/their duty.
Correct: One of my friends has done his/her duty.
Incorrect: One of the students has completed one’s/their homework.
Correct: One of the students has completed his/her homework.
āĻāϰāĻ āĻāĻāĻা āĻŦিāώ⧠āĻŽাāĻĨাā§ āϰাāĻāϤে āĻšāĻŦে āϝে, One of āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ noun āĻāϰ plural form āĻŦāϏে, āĻিāύ্āϤু singular verb āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰিāϤ āĻšā§ ।
āϝেāĻŽāύ-
Incorrect: One of my friend is a lawyer./ One of my friends are lawyer.
Correct: One of my friends is a lawyer.
Incorrect: One of the boy has done it./ One of the boys have done it.
Correct: One of the boys has done it.
Incorrect: Runa is one of my sister.
Correct: Runa is one of my sisters.
Ruse-14➤āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻ
āύিāϰ্āĻĻিāώ্āĻ āĻোāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤি āĻŦা āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻে āĻŦোāĻাāϤে Indefinite Pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰি।
Example:One should do one's duty.
✔6.Distributive Pronoun.
‘Distribute’ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻেāϰ āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞ āĻাāĻ āĻāϰা āĻŦা āĻŦিāϤāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰে āĻĻেā§া ।
Distributive Pronoun āĻ
āύেāĻ āĻুāϞো noun āĻŦা pronoun āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻāĻāĻি noun āĻŦা Pronoun āĻে āĻāϞাāĻĻা āĻāϰে āĻŦোāĻাā§ । Each, None, Either, Neither āĻĒ্āϰāĻৃāϤি āĻšāϞ Distributive Pronoun .
āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻāϤে āĻšāĻŦে āϝে Distributive Pronoun āĻুāϞো Singular āĻšā§ ।
āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāύ-
Incorrect: Each of the students are meritorious.
Correct: Each of the students is meritorious.
( āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ sentence āĻ Each āĻšāϞ Distributive pronoun. āĻাāϰāύ āĻ
āύেāĻ āĻুāϞো Students āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻে āĻāϞাāĻĻা āĻāϞাāĻĻা āĻāϰে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ্āĻে । āĻāĻŦং Distributive Pronoun singular āĻšāĻā§াāϰ āĻাāϰāύে singular verb ‘is’ āĻŦāϏেāĻে । )
Incorrect: Either of the two boys have played well.
Correct: Either of the two boys has played well.
( āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ sentence āĻ Either āĻšāϞ Distributive pronoun. āĻাāϰāύ āĻĻুāĻāύ boys āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻে āĻāϞাāĻĻা āĻāϞাāĻĻা āĻāϰে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ্āĻে । āĻāĻŦং Distributive Pronoun singular āĻšāĻā§াāϰ āĻাāϰāύে singular verb ‘has’ āĻŦāϏেāĻে । )
Incorrect: None of the snakes are poisonous.
Correct: None of the snakes is poisonous.
( āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ sentence āĻ None āĻšāϞ Distributive pronoun. āĻাāϰāύ āĻ
āύেāĻ āĻুāϞো Snakes āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻāĻāĻা āĻে āĻāϞাāĻĻা āĻāϞাāĻĻা āĻāϰে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ্āĻে । āĻāĻŦং Distributive Pronoun singular āĻšāĻā§াāϰ āĻাāϰāύে singular verb ‘is’ āĻŦāϏেāĻে । )
Incorrect: He had two computers. Neither are good.
Correct: He had two computers. Neither is good.
( āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ sentence āĻ Neither āĻšāϞ Distributive pronoun. āĻাāϰāύ āĻĻুāĻāĻা Computers āĻāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻāĻāĻা āĻে āĻāϞাāĻĻা āĻāϞাāĻĻা āĻāϰে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ্āĻে । āĻāĻŦং Distributive Pronoun singular āĻšāĻā§াāϰ āĻাāϰāύে singular verb ‘is’ āĻŦāϏেāĻে।)
✔7.Relative Pronoun
āϝে āϏāĻŦ Pronoun āĻĻুāĻো āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻে āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻāϰে āĻŦা āĻĻুāĻো āĻŦাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে relation āĻŦা āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻ āϤৈāϰি āĻāϰে āĻāĻŦং āϤাāϰ āĻāĻেāϰ āĻোāύ Noun āĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰে āϤাāĻে Relative pronoun āĻŦāϞে । who, which, what, that āĻšāϞ relative pronoun.
I saw the boy. The boy was crying.
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻাāĻে relative pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āύিāĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤ āĻāϰে āϞেāĻা āϝাā§ ।
I saw the boy who was crying.
āĻāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে who āĻšāĻ্āĻে relative pronoun. āĻাāϰāύ āĻāĻা ( who) āϤাāϰ āĻāĻেāϰ noun (boy) āĻাāĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāĻে āĻāĻŦং I saw the boy āĻāĻŦং The boy was crying, āĻāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻĻুāĻো āĻে āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻāϰেāĻে ।
She bought a camera. The camera was beautiful.
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻাāĻে relative pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āύিāĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤ āĻāϰে āϞেāĻা āϝাā§ ।
She bought a camera which was beautiful.
āĻāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে which āĻšāĻ্āĻে relative pronoun. āĻাāϰāύ āĻāĻা ( which) āϤাāϰ āĻāĻেāϰ noun (camera) āĻাāĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāĻে āĻāĻŦং She bought a camera āĻāĻŦং The camera was beautiful, āĻāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻĻুāĻো āĻে āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻāϰেāĻে ।
I know the matter. The matter was secret.
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻাāĻে relative pronoun āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āύিāĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤ āĻāϰে āϞেāĻা āϝাā§ ।
I know the matter what was secret.
āĻāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে what āĻšāĻ্āĻে relative pronoun. āĻাāϰāύ āĻāĻা ( what) āϤাāϰ āĻāĻেāϰ noun (matter) āĻাāĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāĻে āĻāĻŦং I know the matter āĻāĻŦং The matter was secret, āĻāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻĻুāĻো āĻে āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻāϰেāĻে ।
Who āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ —–
Who āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰা āĻšā§ āĻোāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāϤে ।
I knew the man. The man died yesterday.
Relative pronoun ‘who’ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āĻĒাāĻ–
I knew the man who died yesterday.
She respects the man. The man is very honest.
Relative pronoun ‘who’ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āĻĒাāĻ–
She respects the man who is very honest.
Which āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ —–
Which āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰা āĻšā§ āĻোāύ āĻĒ্āϰাāύী , āĻā§ āĻŦāϏ্āϤু , āĻāĻŦং āĻļিāĻļুāĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāϤে ।
We bought a cow. The cow was red.
Relative pronoun ‘which’ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āĻĒাāĻ–
We bought a cow which was red.
He killed a snake. The snake was very poisonous.
Relative pronoun ‘which’ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āĻĒাāĻ–
He killed a snake which was very poisonous.
I lost my mobile phone. The mobile phone was very costly.
Relative pronoun ‘which’ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āĻĒাāĻ–
I lost my mobile phone which was very costly.
What āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ —–
What āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰা āĻšā§ āĻোāύ āĻŦিāώ⧠āĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāϤে।
I knew the matter. The matter was secret.
Relative pronoun ‘what’ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āĻĒাāĻ–
I knew the matter what was secret.
That āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ —–
That āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰা āĻšā§ āĻোāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāĻে āĻŦা āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻে āύিāϰ্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāϰāϤে ।
I bought a table. It is very costly.
Relative pronoun ‘that’ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻāϰে āĻĒাāĻ—
I bought a table that is very costly.
✔8.Reciprocal Pronoun
‘Reciprocal’ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻেāϰ āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞ ‘āĻĒāϰāϏ্āĻĒāϰ āĻ্āϰিā§াāĻļীāϞ’ । āĻāĻাāϧিāĻ Pronoun āĻāϰ āĻāĻে āĻ
āύ্āϝāĻāύেāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻĒাāϰāϏ্āĻĒāϰিāĻ āĻ্āϰিā§া āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻ্āϰিā§া āĻŦোāĻাāύো āĻে Reciprocal Pronoun āĻŦāϞে ।
āϝেāĻŽāύ-
They two friends love each other. ( āĻĻুāĻ āĻŦāύ্āϧু āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻāϰেāĻāĻāύāĻে āĻাāϞāĻŦাāϏে )
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻিāϤে āĻĻুāĻāύ āĻŦāύ্āϧুāϰ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāϞা āĻšāĻ্āĻে āϝাāϰা āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻāϰেāĻāĻāύ āĻে āĻাāϞāĻŦাāϏে । āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨাā§ āϤাāϰা āĻĒāϰāϏ্āĻĒāϰ āĻ্āϰিā§া āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻ্āϰিā§া āĻļীāϞ । āϤাāĻšāϞে āĻŦāϞা āϝাā§ āϝে āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে each other āĻšāϞ āĻāĻāĻি Reciprocal Pronoun .
āĻāĻŦাāϰ ……………….
The five members of the family love one another.
( āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰেāϰ ā§Ģ āĻāύ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝ āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻāϰেāĻāĻāύ āĻে āĻাāϞāĻŦাāϏে )
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻিāϤে ā§Ģ āĻāύ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝেāϰ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāϞা āĻšāĻ্āĻে āϝাāϰা āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻāϰেāĻāĻāύ āĻে āĻাāϞāĻŦাāϏে । āĻ
āϰ্āĻĨাā§ āϤাāϰা āĻĒāϰāϏ্āĻĒāϰ āĻ্āϰিā§া āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻ্āϰিā§া āĻļীāϞ । āϤাāĻšāϞে āĻŦāϞা āϝাā§ āϝে āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে One another āĻšāϞ āĻāĻāĻি Reciprocal Pronoun .
āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻāϤে āĻšāĻŦে āϝে —–
āĻĻুāĻāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻĒাāϰāϏ্āĻĒāϰিāĻ āĻ্āϰিā§া āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻ্āϰিā§া āĻŦোāĻাāϤে – Each other
āĻĻুāĻ āĻāϰ āĻ
āϧিāĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻĒাāϰāϏ্āĻĒāϰিāĻ āĻ্āϰিā§া āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻ্āϰিā§া āĻŦোāĻাāϤে – One another
Incorrect: The two boys always help one another.
Correct: The two boys always help each other.
(āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে āĻĻুāĻāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ্āĻে āϤাāĻ each other.)
Incorrect: The seven leaders of the party respect each other.
Correct: The seven leaders of the party respect One another.
(āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে āϏাāϤāĻāύ āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ্āĻে āϤাāĻ one another.)
Pronoun References:
EXERCISE ON PRONOUN REFERENCES
1. Identify the unclear pronoun references in the following paragraph. Where necessary, rewrite the sentences so that all the pronoun references are clear: (1x5=5)
⇨At the Writing Centre, you can receive help on any writing assignment. It can make your writing stronger by discussing it with someone else. This will lead to a greater understanding of the proper mechanics and style expected in academic writing. This is an important part of the writing process, and they spend a good deal of time making sure you understand the expectations of written assignments. Using it will definitely make your writing skills stronger, and that will give you greater confidence for your assignment.
Answer: At the Writing Centre, one can receive help on any writing assignment. It can make your writing stronger by discussing it with someone else. The discussions will lead to a greater understanding of the proper mechanics and style expected in academic writing. This understanding is an important part of the writing process, and the tutors spend a good deal of time making sure you understand the expectations of written assignments. Using the Writing Centre will definitely make your writing skills stronger, and that will give you greater confidence for your assignment.
Thursday, November 25, 2021
Connector āĻāϰাāϰ āϏāĻšāĻ āĻāĻĒাā§ :
✪Connector āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
Answer: āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦা āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āϏংāϝোāĻāĻাāϰী āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦা āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻুāĻ্āĻāĻে Connector āĻŦāϞে। āϤāĻŦে āϏিāϞেāĻŦাāϏে āĻļুāϧু Sentence Connector āĻĨাāĻাā§ āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻļুāϧু āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āϏংāϝোāĻāĻাāϰীāĻĻেāϰ āύিā§েāĻ āĻāϞোāĻāύা āĻāϰāĻŦ। Conjunction, Adverb, Adverbial Phrase āĻাāύেāĻ্āĻāϰ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰে।
⇨Conjunction as Connectors: As, since, because, if, so that, etc.
⇨Adverb: normally, surely, also, of course, etc
⇨Adverbial Phrase: the contrary, on the other hand, etc
✪Conjunction āĻোāĻĨাā§ āĻšāĻŦে?
Answer : āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻĻুāĻি clause āĻāϰ āĻŽাāĻে āĻŦা āĻļুāϰুāϤেāĻ sentence connectors āĻŦāϏে āĻĨাāĻে। āĻŦাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻļেāώে āĻŦা āĻŦাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻļুāϰুāϤে āĻ্āϝাāĻĒেāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻāĻŽা āĻĨাāĻāϞে āϏেāĻাāύে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ Adverb āĻŦāϏে। āĻāĻাā§াāĻ, subject āĻāϰ verb āĻāϰ āĻŽাāĻে adverb āĻŦāϏে। āĻāĻ adverb āĻāϰ āĻāĻে adverbial phrase āĻ āĻŦāϏāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āĻāĻāύো āĻāĻāύো।
āύিāĻে āĻিāĻু Connector āĻĻেā§া āĻšāϞো āϝাāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻĨাāĻāϞে āĻ āĻĒāϰāĻি āĻāϤ্āϤāϰে āĻŦāϏāĻŦে।
✪āĻোā§ Connectors :
1➤Both - And
Tuesday, November 23, 2021
Monday, November 15, 2021
Time table
day | 07:30-08:00 | 08:00-08:30 | 08:30-09:00 | 09:00-09:30 | 09:30-10:00 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Saturday | Exam | ||||
Sunday | Bangla 1st | Ict | English 1st | Economic 1st | History 1st |
Monday | Bangla 1st | Ict | English 1st | Economic 1st | History 1st |
Tuesday | Bangla 1st | Ict | English 1st | Economic 1st | History 1st |
Wednesday | Bangla 2nd | Ict | English | Civics 2nd | Geography 2nd |
Tuesday | Bangla 2nd | Ict | English 2nd | Civics 2nd | Geography 2nd |